Improving Competitiveness of Direct Banking via IT-Enabled Incentive Schemes
نویسندگان
چکیده
Kundenbetreuer im beratungsorientierten Banking können ihre Arbeitszeit in kurzfristige Verkaufsaktivitäten oder in die langfristige Pflege von Kundenbeziehungen investieren. Indem jeder Kunde einem Betreuer zugeordnet und die Vergütung des Betreuers an alle (auch zukünftigen) Abschlüsse seiner Kunden geknüpft wird, kann die Bank den Anreiz schaffen, langfristige Kundenkontakte zu pflegen. Für das beratungsorientierte Direktbanking ist ein derartiges Konzept zu modifizieren. Durch die 24-Stunden-Verfügbarkeit der Bank und die begrenzte Arbeitszeit des einzelnen Betreuers sind Kundenkontakte mit mehreren Betreuern unvermeidlich. In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, daß die zentrale Vorgabe von Anstrengungsniveaus bei steigender Informationsasymmetrie zwischen Bank und Kundenbetreuern zunehmend ineffizient wird. Bei geeigneter Wahl von Anreizen durch die Bank hingegen können First-Best-Anstrengungsniveaus erreicht werden. Ferner können durch die IT-unterstützte Realisierung von „Eigentumsrechten an Kundenbeziehungen“ Externalitäten zwischen Kundenbetreuern so internalisiert werden, daß gleichzeitig First-Best-Anstrengungsniveaus erreicht werden und Interessenidentität zwischen Bank und Kundenbetreuern herrscht. Customer consultants in the European Financial Services Industry are facing a conflict between investing time in either establishing profitable ongoing customer relationships or allocating time in provision-oriented short-term selling activities. For being more profitable in the long run, European universal banks are pursuing the strategy of "one face to the customer" assigning each customer to a certain consultant. In accordance with that strategy, incentive schemes are based on ongoing customer purchases rather than on short-term selling. In the growing field of telephone banking however, the implementation of this principle is difficult. Due to a 24-hours-availability of the bank and limited working time of a single consultant, customer contacts with several consultants are inevitable. In this paper we show that an IT-enabled redesign of incentives improves the competitiveness of the new marketing and distribution channels. Using and extending a framework developed by Nault/Dexter 1994 for franchising, we show that an IT-enabled "ownership of customers" increases the effort of telephone consultants to establish ongoing customer relationships, leading to higher income for the consultants and higher profits for the banking firm. Moreover, it can be shown that the bank can optimize incentive parameters in such a way to achieve a first-best solution.
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تاریخ انتشار 1999